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THE TRIGGER
IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier

Economic Policy Review

In parallel with the theoretical work, a series of theoretical columns titled 'New Methodenstreit: Institutional and Radical Analysis of Political Economy and Philosophy,' since 2016, IPEAD has led the IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, branded as The Trigger, offering empirically-driven, radical, and strategic policy insights. The Trigger pushes the boundaries of conventional economic thinking by blending rigorous data analysis with bold, forward-looking strategies. This initiative identifies critical economic inflection points - or "triggers" - that drive systemic change, providing policymakers, corporate strategists, and global stakeholders with actionable solutions to complex economic challenges.

While often focusing on high-impact themes such as (not limited to): 

  • Geopolitical risks and economic resilience - mapping strategic responses to global instability.

  • AI-driven economic transformations - forecasting how artificial intelligence reshapes labor markets and productivity.

  • Sustainable financial strategies - bridging economic growth and environmental sustainability.

  • Inclusive economic development - advancing policies that balance equity and innovation.

  • Future-proofing economies - designing adaptive frameworks for long-term economic stability.

The Trigger is not confined to these topics alone. Its scope remains intentionally broad and adaptive, allowing for critical engagement with a wide range of emerging issues - from cutting-edge technological shifts to urgent socio-political dynamics. Ultimately, The Trigger serves as a strategic resource for those seeking to anticipate economic disruptions, craft resilient policies, and harness emerging opportunities. It bridges radical economic theory and real-world application - a platform where bold ideas drive strategic execution and innovation.

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IPEAD Column: New Methodenstreit - Institutional and Radical Analysis of Political Economy and Philosophy (Op-Ed and Commentary) and The Trigger: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier are two distinct yet interconnected platforms that the IPEAD leads, each serving a critical role in advancing political economic thought and action. The New Methodenstreit challenges conventional wisdom, offering a sharp, institutional, and radical analysis of political economy and philosophy. It pushes the boundaries of theoretical discourse, dissecting the ideological foundations of economic systems and reimagining the frameworks that shape our world. Meanwhile, The Trigger transforms theory into action - a bold policy frontier delivering empirically-driven, strategic insights. It identifies economic fault lines and emerging disruptions, providing pragmatic solutions for policymakers, global institutions, and corporate strategists. From AI-induced economic shifts to geopolitical risks, it maps out strategies for resilience, innovation, and sustainable growth. Together, these platforms form a dynamic dual force - theory and practice in constant dialogue. They embody my commitment to bridging radical economic thought with actionable strategies, driving both intellectual rigor and real-world impact.

IPEAD ECONOMIC POLICY FRONTIER

Paper (online) – Copyright

The IPEAD Policy Review and Report, 'THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier' may be cited or briefly quoted in line with the usual academic conventions. You may also download them for your personal use. But this paper must not be published elsewhere (e.g. on mailing lists, bulletin boards, etc.) without the author's explicit permission. Please note that if you copy this paper you must: • Include this copyright note • ‘Do not use the paper for commercial purposes or gain in any way • Also, you should observe the conventions of academic citation in a version of the following form:

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2025 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]​​

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2025). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 10, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2025. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2025). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 10 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2025. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2024 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2024). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 9, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2024. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2024). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 9, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2024. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2024). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 9, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2024. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2024). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 9, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2024. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2024). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 9 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2024. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2023 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2023). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 8, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2023. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2023). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 8, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2023. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2023). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 8, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2023. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2023). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 8, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2023. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2023). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 8 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2023. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2022 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2022). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 7, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2022. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2022). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 7, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2022. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2022). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 7, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2022. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2022). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 7, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2022. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2022). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 7 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2022. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2021 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2021). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 6, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2021. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2021). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 6, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2021. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2021). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 6, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2021. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2021). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 6, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2021. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2021). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 6 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2021. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2020 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2020). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier,  Vol. 5, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2020. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2020). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier,  Vol. 5, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2020. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2020). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier,  Vol. 5, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2020. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2020). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier,  Vol. 5, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2020. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2020). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 5 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2020. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2019 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2019). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 4, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2019. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2019). ________________. THE TRGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 4, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2019. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2019). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 4, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2019. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2019). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 4, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2019. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2019). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 4 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2019. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2018 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2018). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 3, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2018. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2018). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 3, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2018. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2018). ________________. THE TRIGGER: PEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 3, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2018. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2018). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 3, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2018. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2018). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 3 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2018. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2017 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2017). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 2, No. 4 (winter), December 1, 2017. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2017). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 2, No. 3 (autumn), September 1, 2017. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2017). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 2, No. 2 (summer), June 1, 2017. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2017). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 2, No. 1 (spring), March 1, 2017. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2017). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 2 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), March 1, 2017. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

2016 [Theme of the Year:  ____________________ ]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2016). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 1, No. 1 (winter), December 10, 2016. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

  • Kho, Mu-Jeong (2016). ________________. THE TRIGGER: IPEAD Economic Policy Frontier, Vol. 1 (Introduction: Theme of the Year), December 10, 2016. The Institute for Political Economy and Development (IPEAD), pp. 1–9. [PDF download]

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